Children present significant challenges in engineering and producing
safe vehicles, because most children are significantly smaller and
lighter than most adults. Additionally, children far from being just
scaled down adults, still have an undeveloped skeletal system. This
means that vehicle restraint systems such as airbags and seat belts, far
from being effective, are hazardous if used to restrain young children.
In recognition of this, many medical professionals and jurisdictions
recommend or require that children under a particular age, height,
and/or weight ride in a child seat and/or in the back seat, as applicable.
Within Europe ECE Regulation R44 dictates that children below 150 cm
must travel in a child restraint that is appropriate for their weight.
Each country have their own adaptions of this Regulation. For instance,
in the United Kingdom, children must travel in a child restraint until
they are 135 cm tall or reach 12 years of age, which ever comes soonest.
As another example in Austria the driver of passenger vehicles is
responsible for people shorter than 150 cm and below 14 years to be
seated in an adequate child safety seat. Moreover, it is not allowed for
children below the age of 3 to ride in a passenger vehicle without
"security system" (which in practice means the vehicle is not equipped
with any seat belts or technical systems like Isofix), whereas children between 3 and 14 years have to ride in the back seat.
Sweden
specify that a child or an adult shorter than 140 cm is legally
forbidden to ride in a place with an active airbag in front of it.
The majority of medical professionals and biomechanical engineers
agree that children below the age of two year old are much safer if they
travel in a rearward facing child restraint.
Child safety locks and driver-controlled power window lockout controls prevent children from opening doors and windows from inside the vehicle.
Music at YouTube To Teach Little Ones, "Buckle Up!":
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